Signs of STD

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This 44-year-old man was enrolled in a prospective cohort study ( GL ucose Me tabolism changes in Ugandan HIV patients on D olutegravir, GLUMED study) evaluating glucose metabolism changes in anti-retroviral therapy (ART) naïve PWH on tenofovir/ lamivudine/ DTG (TDF/3TC/ DTG) for 48 weeks [13]. PWH with normal 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were enrolled for 48-week follow up with serial OGTTs at 12 and 36 weeks. The primary aim of the study was to determine incidence of T2DM in Ugandan PWH on DTG and describe glucose metabolism changes in patients with incident hyperglycemia versus those without. Baseline evaluation At enrollment on ART, he reported no other known chronic illnesses and long-term medication. He was not severely immunocompromised with a baseline CD4 + cell count of 261cells/mm 3 and was in WHO clinical stage I. Baseline viral load was not done. He had a normal baseline OGTT with fasting blood glucose (FBG)- 88.2 mg/dl and 2-hour blood glucose (2h...

Having antiretroviral medications on hand to take as post-exposure prophylaxis after potential exposure to HIV—an approach dubbed PEP-in-pocket, or PIP—is a feasible prevention option, especially for people who have sex infrequently, according to a presentation at IDWeek 2023. "I really think PIP is a strong additional tool for patients and providers and gives more options—and a more granular approach—for HIV prevention," presenter Isaac Bogoch, MD, of the University of Toronto, told POZ. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) pills taken every day or injections administered every other month are highly effective for HIV prevention. Taking PrEP pills "on demand" before and after sex (known as PrEP 2-1-1) can also be an effective option, especially for people who can anticipate when they are likely to have sex. A buffet of HIV prevention approaches From Bogoch et al, IDWeek 2023 Another effective prevention method is post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), which involv...

Abstract The study evaluated the prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydia infections and find out other non-infectious diseases in sexually active young males with urethritis-like symptoms and their treatment outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed the young adult males (aged 20–50 years) who visited our clinic with urethritis symptoms from March 2019 to April 2022. All patients underwent urinalysis, urine culture, and urinary polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for gonorrhoea and chlamydia. Student's t-test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to compare the differences between the triple-negative group (i.e., negative results in urinalysis, urine culture, and urinary PCR) and the any-positive group. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictive factors for positive PCR results for gonorrhoea or chlamydia in patients with negative urinalysis and urine culture. Of the 365 participants with urethritis-like symptoms, 139 patients were diagnosed of ...

Using your tongue for pleasure can put you at risk for syphilis, gonorrhea and hepatitis. When people hear about the importance of practicing safer sex, most may think only of how that applies to penetrative sex. However, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including syphilis, gonorrhea and hepatitis A and B, and even intestinal infections can be spread to the lips, tongue, mouth and throat as a result of having unprotected oral sex. "I think one of the biggest misconceptions about oral sex is that it is completely risk-free," said Amanda Bule, a sex educator and reproductive rights advocate who works as an abortion patient navigator at Planned Parenthood in Pennsylvania. "Many people see it as a way to experience pleasure without the fear of pregnancy. While pregnancy is not a risk when having oral sex, it is still possible to transmit a number of sexually transmitted infections [STIs]." Bule noted that while people shouldn't be ashamed of having an S...

Planned Parenthood clinics across Wisconsin now are offering two drugs, commonly known as PrEP and PEP, to those at risk of HIV exposure. PrEP, or pre-exposure prophylaxis, is a pill taken daily to prevent HIV, a virus that attacks the body's immune system and, if left untreated, can lead to AIDS. When taken as prescribed, PrEP is about 99% effective at preventing HIV through sexual exposure and about 74% effective at preventing HIV if exposure to the virus occurred through injection drug use. PEP, or post-exposure prophylaxis, is an antiretroviral medicine that inhibits the growth of retroviruses like HIV. It must be taken within 72 hours of a possible exposure to HIV. Starting PEP after potential exposure does not guarantee HIV prevention, but the sooner it is started the better the possible outcomes, according to a Planned Parenthood statement.  Patients can be seen in-person or over telemedicine for PrEP and PEP services. Medication will be available at Planned Parenth...

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) NRTIs block reverse transcriptase, an enzyme HIV needs to make copies of itself. abacavir (abacavir sulfate, ABC) Ziagen December 17, 1998 emtricitabine (FTC) Emtriva July 2, 2003 lamivudine (3TC) Epivir November 17, 1995 tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir DF, TDF) Viread October 26, 2001 zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT, ZDV) Retrovir March 19, 1987 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) NNRTIs bind to and later alter reverse transcriptase, an enzyme HIV needs to make copies of itself. doravirine (DOR) Pifeltro August 30, 2018 efavirenz (EFV) Sustiva September 17, 1998 etravirine (ETR) Intelence January 18, 2008 nevirapine (extended-release nevirapine, NVP) Viramune June 21, 1996 Viramune XR (extended release) March 25, 2011 ril...

Thought Leadership | Healthcare   Published October 25, 2023   At Leerink, we are often asked about the state of the women and family healthcare market. Are there opportunities for private capital? Is there growth in its future? The data is clear, and the answer is a resounding "yes." This market is large, growing, and chronically underserved, despite making up more than half the population. Women control 80% of healthcare spending decisions and often serve as the "Chief Medical Officer" for the home. Accordingly, we view the sector as encompassing healthcare...

Descovy ( emtricitabine / tenofovir alafenamide ) and Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ) are orally administered (taken by mouth) prescription medications used to treat or prevent HIV-1 infection, the most common type of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment options, Descovy and Truvada, contain active ingredients classified as HIV nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). These medications prevent the virus from replicating. Approximately 1.2 million people in the United States have HIV. However, about 13% of these individuals (156,000 people) do not know they have it. There is no cure for HIV, but many treatments can help people live long and healthy lives. Descovy and Truvada are two drugs that can increase the quality of life following an HIV diagnosis. This article will provide an in-depth comparison of Descovy and Truvada, examining their specific active ingredients, ...